Tectonic plates ndiwo akakosha ekuvaka eEarth geology, akafanana nesimbi yakaoma kunzwisisa inoumba musana wezvimiro zvakawanda zvatinosangana nazvo muhupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese. Sezvinongoita marata esimbi achigona kuumbwa uye kushandiswa kuita furemu yakasimba, tectonic plates mahwendefa makuru eEarth's lithosphere anokwana pamwe chete sejigsaw puzzle kuti aumbe goko rekunze repasi redu. Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa muchimiro chetectonic plates, kukosha kwayo, uye hukama hwadzo kune pfungwa dzesimbi nesimbi.
Chii chinonzi tectonic plates?
Tectonic plates mahombe, akaoma zvikamu zveEarth's lithosphere (Earth's outermost layer). Mahwendefa anoyangarara pane semifluid asthenosphere pasi pawo, achivabvumira kufamba uye kupindirana. Iyo Earth's lithosphere yakakamurwa kuita akati wandei makuru uye madiki tectonic mahwendefa, anosanganisira Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate, South American Plate, Antarctic Plate, uye Indo-Australian Plate.
Kufamba kwemahwendefa aya kunofambiswa nemasimba akadai semantle convection, plate pull, uye ridge thrust. Pavanenge vachifamba, vanokonzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu zve geological, kusanganisira kudengenyeka kwenyika, kuputika kwemakomo, uye kuumbwa kwemakomo. Kudyidzana pakati pemapanera aya kunogona kufananidzwa nesimbi yesimbi, apo zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatanidzwa, zvakaumbwa uye zvinogadziriswa kuti zvigadzire chimiro chakabatana.
Metal zvigadzirwa zvakafanana
Mukugadzira simbi, mhizha dzinoshandisa neunyanzvi mapepa esimbi kugadzira zvinhu zvinoshanda uye zvakanaka. Vanopinza, kupeta uye kuumba simbi kuti vawane maumbirwo avanoda, senge tectonic plates inopindirana kuumba mamiriro ePasi. Semuenzaniso, panodhumhana marata maviri etectonic, anoita makomo, zvakafanana nemagadzirirwo esimbi akasimba uye akaoma kunzwisisa nekuisa uye kubatanidza mapepa esimbi pamwechete.
Uyezve, semasimbi anogona kudzokororwa uye kudzokororwa, mahwendefa e geological anogara achigadziridzwa uye kushandurwa kuburikidza ne geological process. Subduction zones, nzvimbo dzinomanikidzwa imwe ndiro pasi peimwe, inogona kufananidzwa nekunyunguduka nekuumbika patsva kwesimbi, zvichitungamira mukusikwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zve geological nekufamba kwenguva.
Kukosha kwe tectonic plates
Kunzwisisa tectonic mahwendefa kwakakosha kune zvikonzero zvakawanda. Kutanga, vanoita basa rakakosha muzviitiko zvePasi geological. Kufamba kweaya mahwendefa kunoguma nokuparadzirwa kwenyika yose kwokudengenyeka kwapasi uye basa rinoputika. Matunhu ari pamiganhu yeplate, akadai sePacific Ring yeMoto, anonyanya kutarisana nezviitiko zvekudengenyeka kwenyika, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuti masayendisiti adzidze nzvimbo idzi kufanotaura uye kuderedza njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.
Chechipiri, ma<em>tectonic plates anopesvedzera mamiriro okunze ePasi nemhoteredzo yezvipenyu. Kufamba kwe tectonic plates kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemakomo, izvo zvinokanganisa mamiriro ekunze uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, kukwidziridzwa kweHimalayas kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya mamiriro ekunze eIndia subcontinent, zvichigadzira nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzezvakatipoteredza.
Muchidimbu
Muchidimbu, mahwendefa etectonic akakosha kuGeology yePasi semarata esimbi kune nyika yesimbi. Mafambiro azvo anoumba pamusoro pePasi, anogadzira zvinhu zvakasikwa, uye anopesvedzera zvakatipoteredza. Nekudzidza tectonic plates, tinowana nzwisiso inokosha mumaitiro ane simba anotonga pasi redu, zvichitibvumira kukoshesa zviyero zvakaoma zvezvisikwa-zvakafanana neunyanzvi hunowanikwa mune unyanzvi hwesimbi. Kunzwisisa zvimiro zve geological izvi hakungokwidziri kunzwisisa kwedu nhoroondo yePasi chete asiwo kunotibvumira kugadzirira zvirinani matambudziko anokonzerwa nenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-07-2024
