Habka xoqidda waa hab caadi ah maanta. Badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa xoqidda birta. Boodhadhkayaga caadiga ah ee caadiga ah, khadadka PCB-ga, saqafyada wiishka, saqafyada birta ah, iwm., waxay inta badan isticmaalaan habka xoqidda wax soo saarkooda. Guud ahaan, marka loo eego nooca walxaha la xardhay, habka xoqidda waxaa loo qaybin karaa qaybaha soo socda:
Socodka socodka: nadiifinta saxan naxaasta oo la dhalaaliyay ama la cadayday nadiifinta → nadiifinta biyaha qabow → daawaynta ka dib → alaabta dhammaatay.
Socodka Geedi socodka: Nadiifinta dusha sare ee saxanka daabacaadda → Daabacaadda Shaashad Daabacaadda Dareeraha Sawir-qaade → Qallajin → Soo-gaadhis → Horumarin → Biyo raacid → Qallajin → Baadhitaan iyo Xaqiijin → Adag Filim → Etching → Ka Saaridda lakabka Ilaalinta → Biyo raacida.
Socodka socodka: Nadiifinta dusha sare ee saxan → dareeraha sawir-qaadista khad daabacaadda → qalajinta → soo-gaadhista → horumarinta → luqluqashada → qalajinta → hubi oo xaqiiji → adkaynta filimka → daawaynta dip alkaline (alkaline etching) → de-inking ( nadiifinta khad etching sawir leh →) luqluqashada.
Iyadoo aan loo eegin habka etching loo isticmaalo shay kasta, tallaabada ugu horreysa waa in la doorto khad ku habboon. Shuruudaha guud ee xulashada khadku waa caabbinta daxalka wanaagsan, caabbinta acid iyo alkali, xallinta wajiga sare, waxay daabacan kartaa khadadka wanaagsan, qoto-dheeraanta etching si ay u buuxiso shuruudaha wax soo saarka, qiimaha waa macquul.
Khadka buluuga ah ee xasaasiga ah ee sawir-qaadaha buluuga ah waa khad xardhan oo xallin sare leh oo daabacaadda shaashadda ah. Waxa loo isticmaali karaa sidii khad etching ah loogu talagalay looxyada wareegga daabacan iyo sidii khad ka-hortagga etching ee dusha sare ee birta iyo aluminiumka. Saliida Buluugga ah ee xasaasiga ah waxay soo saari kartaa khadadka wanaagsan, sida caadiga ah ilaa qoto dheer 20 microns. Si aad khad u saarto, si fudud ku qooy 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide xal 60-80 ilbiriqsi heerkulka biyaha 55-60°C. Khadka si wax ku ool ah ayaa loo saari karaa.
Dabcan, khadadka xaradhka buluuga ah ee sawir-qaadista ee dibedda laga keeno ayaa ka qaalisan khadyada buluugga ah ee caadiga ah. Haddii shuruudaha etching ayan aad u sax ahayn, waxaad isticmaali kartaa khad is-qallajinta guriga, sida calaamadaha xayeysiiska, albaabada wiishashka birta ah iyo wixii la mid ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii alaabada etching ay u baahan yihiin saxnaanta qaraabada, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo sawir-qaadista buluugga ah ee dibedda laga keeno si loo helo saliid etching tayo sare leh.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-30-2024
