Ukusebenza ngesinyithi licandelo elinomdla elibandakanya uyilo, ukuveliswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli yesinyithi. Ukususela kwimifanekiso ekroliweyo entsonkothileyo ukuya koomatshini abomeleleyo, iintsimbi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, omnye wemingeni ebalulekileyo ejongene nokusebenza kwesinyithi kukuhlwa, ngakumbi ukuthotywa kweemveliso ze-oxidation. Eli nqaku liphonononga ubudlelwane phakathi kwee-oxidants kunye nesinyithi kwaye liphendula le mibuzo ilandelayo: Ngaba iimveliso ze-oxidation zidla iintsimbi?
Ukuqonda i-Oxidation kunye ne-Corrosion
I-oxidation yintshukumo yekhemikhali eyenzeka xa into idibana neoksijini. Kwimeko yesinyithi, le nkqubo ibangela ukubola, okukukonakaliswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwesinyithi ngenxa yokusabela kweekhemikhali kunye nokusingqongileyo. Izinyithi zikhupha ioksijini xa zisesichengeni sokufuma, umoya okanye iikhemikhali ezithile, zenza iioksidi. Ngokomzekelo, i-iron i-oxidizes yenze i-rust (i-iron oxide), enokunciphisa kakhulu isinyithi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukonakala asingombandela nje wokuthambisa; inokuphinda ibeke esichengeni ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo sentsimbi. Kumsebenzi wesinyithi, ukuqonda izinto ezibangela ukubola kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ixesha elide kunye nokuqina kweemveliso zakho zentsimbi.
Iziphumo zeemveliso ze-oxidation kwiintsimbi
Iimveliso ze-oxidation, ezinjengeeasidi, iityuwa, kunye neegesi ezithile, zikhawulezisa inkqubo yokubola. Xa ezi zinto zidibana nomphezulu wesinyithi, ziqalisa okanye zongeze ukusabela kwi-oxidation. Ngokomzekelo, i-hydrochloric acid yi-oxidant eyomeleleyo enokukhawuleza idle isinyithi njengentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium. Ngokufanayo, i-sodium chloride (ityuwa eqhelekileyo) inokudala indawo enobungozi, ngakumbi ukuba ifumile, ekhokelela kwimingxuma kunye nokurusa.
Izinga apho iimveliso ze-oxidation zidla isinyithi sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwentsimbi, ukuxinwa kwe-oxidant, ubushushu, kunye nobukho beengubo zokukhusela. Ezinye izinyithi, ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwayo, zixhathisa ngakumbi kwi-corrosion ngenxa yokubunjwa kwe-passive oxide layer ekhusela izinto eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kwanentsimbi engatyiwayo inokonakala phantsi kweemeko ezimandundu okanye ngokuchanabeka ixesha elide kwii-oxidants ezidlekayo.
Ukuthintela iMveliso zeMetal kwiCorrosion
Ukunciphisa imiphumo yeemveliso ze-oxidation kwiintsimbi, izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziswa kwiimveliso zetsimbi. Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo kukufaka isambatho esikhuselayo njengepeyinti, igalvanizing, okanye i-powder coating. Ezi zambatho zenza umqobo phakathi kwesinyithi kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-oxidation.
Ukongezelela, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kunokunceda ukuchonga iimpawu zokuqala ze-corrosion ukwenzela ukuba kungenelelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kwiindawo apho isinyithi sibonakaliswe kwiikhemikhali eziqatha okanye ukufuma, ukusebenzisa i-alloys enganyangekiyo okanye ukuphumeza ukhuseleko lwe-cathodic kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukuqina.
Isishwankathelo, iimveliso ze-oxidation zinokutya iintsimbi, ezikhokelela kukonakala okukhulu kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo. Ukuqonda imigaqo ye-oxidation kunye ne-corrosion kubalulekile kuye nabani na osebenza ngeentsimbi. Ngokuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela kunye nokukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo, abasebenzi besinyithi banokunciphisa imiphumo ye-oxidants kwaye baqinisekise ixesha elide lomsebenzi wabo. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, uphando oluqhubekayo kwizixhobo ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion kunye neengubo ziya kuqhubeka zidlala indima ephambili kwihlabathi lesinyithi, ukukhusela ukuthembeka kwezakhiwo zetsimbi kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-07-2024
