Ukuqonda kwensimbi kanye nokugqwala

I-Metalworkganing iyinkambu ethokozisayo ehlanganisa ukwakheka, ukukhiqiza, nokukhohlisa kwezinto zensimbi. Ukusuka kwizithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi zemishini eqinile, izinsimbi zidlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinselelo ezibalulekile ezibhekene ne-MetalworkworkIsing ukugcwala, ikakhulukazi ukugqwala kusuka kwimikhiqizo ye-oxidation. Lo mbhalo uhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwama-oxidants kanye nezinsimbi nezimpendulo zemibuzo elandelayo: Ngabe ama-oxidation imikhiqizo ye-corrode?

Ukuqonda i-oxidation kanye nokugqwala

I-Oxidation ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka lapho into ihlangana ngo-oksijini. Endabeni yezinsimbi, le nqubo iphumela ekugqwaneni, okuwukuwohloka kancane kancane kwensimbi ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngendawo yayo. Ama-Metals oxidize lapho evezwa umswakama, umoya noma amakhemikhali athile, akha ama-oxide. Isibonelo, i-iron oxidizes ukwakha ukugqwala (iron oxide), okungasenza kahle insimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukugqwala kungaphezu nje kodaba lwezimonyo; Kungaphinde kwehlise ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye zensimbi. Ekusebenzeni kwensimbi, ukuqonda izici ezibangela ukugqwala kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni isikhathi eside nokuqina kwemikhiqizo yakho yensimbi.

Imiphumela yemikhiqizo ye-oxidation ezinsimbi

Imikhiqizo ye-oxidation, njengama-acid, usawoti, namagesi athile, isheshisa inqubo yokugqwala. Lapho lezi zinto zihlangana nezindawo zensimbi, ziqala noma zithuthukisa ukusabela kwe-oxidation. Isibonelo, i-hydrochloric acid iyi-oxidant eqinile engashayisana ngokushesha izinsimbi ezinjengensimbi ne-aluminium. Ngokufanayo, i-sodium chloride (usawoti ojwayelekile) ingadala imvelo esonakalisayo, ikakhulukazi uma inomswakama, iholela ekukhonzeni nokugqwala.

Izinga lapho imikhiqizo ye-oxidation i-carrode incike ngensimbi incike ezintweni eziningana, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwensimbi, ukugcwala kwe-oxidant, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokubakhona kwezingubo zokuvikela. Ezinye izinsimbi, njengensimbi engenasici, zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwesendlalelo se-oxide esisebenzayo esivikela izinto eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho insimbi engagqwali ingalungisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezedlulele noma ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside kuma-oxidants asolisayo.

Ukuvimbela imikhiqizo yensimbi kusuka ekugqwalisweni

Ukunciphisa imiphumela yemikhiqizo ye-oxidation ezinsimbi, amasu ahlukahlukene angaqashwa emikhiqizweni yensimbi. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ukufaka imali evikelayo efana nopende, i-galvaning, noma i-powder coating. Lezi zimbozo zakha umgoqo phakathi kwensimbi nemvelo, zinciphisa amathuba okuxinana nge-oxidation.

Ngokwengeziwe, ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlola kungasiza ekuboneni izimpawu zakuqala zokugqwala ukuze kungenelelwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Ezindaweni lapho izinsimbi zitholakala khona ngamakhemikhali anokhahlo noma ku-armorion-umswakama noma ukufaka ukuvikela i-tathodic kungathuthukisa ukuqina.

Ngamafuphi, imikhiqizo ye-oxidation ingadla ngempela ngezinsimbi, okuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu nomonakalo omkhulu. Ukuqonda izimiso ze-oxidation kanye nokugqwala kubalulekile kunoma ngubani osebenza ngezinsimbi. Ngokuthatha izindlela zokuvikela nokukhetha izinto ezifanele, abasebenzi bensimbi banganciphisa imiphumela ye-oxidants futhi baqinisekise isikhathi eside somsebenzi wabo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kwezinto zokulwa nokugqwala nokumboza kuzoqhubeka nokudlala indima enkulu ezweni lezinsimbi, ukuvikela ubuqotho bezakhiwo zensimbi iminyaka ezayo.