Ukusebenza kwensimbi kuyinkambu ethokozisayo ehlanganisa ukuklama, ukwakhiwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwensimbi. Kusukela emidwebeni eyinkimbinkimbi kuya emishinini eqinile, izinsimbi zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinselelo ezibalulekile ezibhekene nokusebenza kwensimbi ukugqwala, ikakhulukazi ukugqwala okuvela emikhiqizweni ye-oxidation. Lesi sihloko sihlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwama-oxidants nezinsimbi futhi siphendula imibuzo elandelayo: Ingabe imikhiqizo ye-oxidation igqwala izinsimbi?
Ukuqonda I-Oxidation kanye Nokugqwala
I-oxidation ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka lapho into isabela nomoya-mpilo. Endabeni yezinsimbi, le nqubo ibangela ukugqwala, okuwukuwohloka kancane kancane kwensimbi ngenxa yokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali nendawo ezungezile. Izinsimbi zi-oxidize lapho zichayeka kumswakama, emoyeni noma kumakhemikhali athile, zakha ama-oxide. Isibonelo, i-iron oxidizes yenza ukugqwala (i-iron oxide), engenza insimbi ibe buthakathaka kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukugqwala kungaphezu nje kwendaba yezimonyo; kungase futhi kuphazamise ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye zensimbi. Ekwenziweni kwensimbi, ukuqonda izici ezidala ukugqwala kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuqina kwemikhiqizo yakho yensimbi.
Imiphumela yemikhiqizo ye-oxidation ezinsimbi
Imikhiqizo ye-oxidation, njengama-acids, usawoti, namagesi athile, isheshisa inqubo yokugqwala. Uma lezi zinto zihlangana nezindawo zensimbi, ziqala noma zithuthukise ukusabela kwe-oxidation. Isibonelo, i-hydrochloric acid iyi-oxidant enamandla ekwazi ukugqwala ngokushesha izinsimbi njengensimbi ne-aluminium. Ngokufanayo, i-sodium chloride (usawoti ovamile) ingadala indawo ebolayo, ikakhulukazi uma imanzi, okuholela emigodini nokugqwala.
Izinga lapho imikhiqizo ye-oxidation igqwala khona insimbi incike ezicini eziningana, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwensimbi, ukugxila kwe-oxidant, izinga lokushisa, nokuba khona kwezingubo zokuzivikela. Ezinye izinsimbi, njengensimbi engagqwali, zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-passive oxide layer evikela into engaphansi. Nokho, ngisho nensimbi engagqwali ingagqwala ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu noma ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside kuma-oxidants agqwalisayo.
Ukuvimbela Imikhiqizo Yensimbi Ekugqweni
Ukunciphisa imiphumela yemikhiqizo ye-oxidation ezinsimbi, amasu ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yensimbi. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-coating yokuzivikela njengopende, i-galvanizing, noma i-powder coating. Lezi zingubo zakha umgoqo phakathi kwensimbi nendawo ezungezile, kunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-oxidation.
Ukwengeza, ukugcinwa njalo nokuhlolwa kungasiza ekuboneni izimpawu zokuqala zokugqwala ukuze kungenelele ngesikhathi. Ezimweni lapho izinsimbi zichayeka khona kumakhemikhali anonya noma umswakama, ukusebenzisa ama-alloy amelana nokugqwala noma ukusebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic kungathuthukisa ukuqina.
Kafushane, imikhiqizo ye-oxidation ingadla izinsimbi, okuholela ekugqwaleni okukhulu kanye nokulimala kwesakhiwo. Ukuqonda izimiso ze-oxidation nokugqwala kubalulekile kunoma ubani osebenza ngezinsimbi. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela nokukhetha izinto ezifanele, abasebenzi bensimbi banganciphisa imiphumela yama-oxidants futhi baqinisekise ubude bomsebenzi wabo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lwezinto ezimelana nokugqwala kanye nezingubo zokumboza luzoqhubeka ludlala indima ebalulekile emhlabeni wokusebenza kwensimbi, ukuvikela ubuqotho bezakhiwo zensimbi iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-07-2024
